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Prenomen (Ancient Egypt)
The Prenomen (alternatively written praenomen〔) of Ancient Egyptian pharaohs was one of the "Great five names" of Egyptian rulers. Other terms for this "Great name" are Nswt-bity name and Throne name.〔
It is thought by some Egyptologists and Historians to be the birth name of the rulers,〔 although they are not known to have used it in public inscriptions. Other Egyptologists believe that the prenomen was a independent name exclusively invented for the ''nswt-bity'' crest.〔Ronald J. Leprohon: ''The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary'' (= ''Writings from the ancient world'', vol. 33). Society of Biblical Lit., 2013, ISBN 1589837363, p. 17.〕
== Heraldic appearance ==
The Prenomen is composed of four hieroglyphic signs arranged into two fixed groups: the first sign group comprises the picture of a four-leafed sedge over a bread loaf. It was read in Egyptian as ''Niswt'' and symbolised Upper Egypt. The second group is written with the sign for a honey bee over a bread loaf. It was read as ''Bity'' and symbolised Lower Egypt. The etymology and origin of each crest reading is still unknown.〔〔
During the first three Dynasties, the prenomen was depicted either sole or in pair with the Nebty name, as the case of king Semerkhet shows. He was the first king who devoted his prenomen to the Two Ladies that clearly, although not every king after him followed that custom. From king Huni, the probably last king of third dynasty, onward, the prenomen was encircled by the so-called cartouche, the elongated form of the Shen ring ("ring of eternity").〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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